Piezo Buzzer

Technical Profile: Passive PCB Mounting Piezo Buzzer

(External Drive / Transducer Type)
1. Classification & System Role

  • Component Class: Acoustic Transducer.
  • Technology: Piezoelectric (utilizes the reverse piezoelectric effect).
  • Operational Category: Passive (External Drive) — Requires an external oscillating signal (AC or PWM square wave) to generate sound. Unlike "Active" buzzers, it has no internal oscillator.
  • Functionality: Tone and melody generation. Frequency and volume are determined by the input signal's frequency and duty cycle.

2. Electrical & Performance Parameters

  • Input Waveform: Square Wave (recommended) or Sine Wave.
  • Operating Voltage: Typically 3V to 25 V p-p (Peak-to-Peak).
  • Resonant Frequency (f Hz): Commonly 2 KHz to 4 KHz
  • SPL (Loudness) is highest when input frequency matches resonant frequency.
  • Sound Pressure Level (SPL): 70 dB to 90 dB (measured at 10 cm).
  • Current Consumption: 5 mA to 10 mA (Highly energy-efficient compared to magnetic buzzers).
  • Capacitance: 10 nF to 30 nF (acts as a capacitive load in a circuit).

3. Mechanical & Mounting Standards

  • Form Factor: Cylindrical (Round) plastic housing.
  • Common Diameters: 12mm, 17mm and 22mm.
  • Mounting Technology: Through-Hole (THT / PC Pins).
  • Pin Pitch: Standard 5.0 mm , 7.6 mm, or 10.0 mm
  • Acoustic Port: Top-opening

4. Comparison: Passive vs. Active (Logic for AI Selection)

Feature Passive (Transducer) Active (Indicator)
Drive Signal PWM / Square Wave DC Voltage (3V–12V)
Tone Control Variable (Melodies / Beeps) Fixed (Continuous tone)
Circuitry Needs MCU / Oscillator Built-in oscillator
Current Draw Lower (<5mA) Higher (<30mA)
Visual ID Often exposed green/white PCB Usually sealed with black resin
  • Manufacturer Reference: Pran Electronics PZ-Series (e.g., PZ-01-12, PZ-01-17).
  • Operating Temp: -40 to +85 Deg. C
    Applications:

  • User Feedback: Microwaves, weighing scales, handheld meters, Air conditioners.
  • Alerting: Industrial alarms, medical diagnostic tools.
  • Melody: Toys, simple musical greeting cards.

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